RE9 | 0000-00-00 | RE000009.pdf | 5/iz1//- 3 ,5’/}/ails’. J.’ €471;/A7://:5 J}: ]/%547/ 527/775’57?S7%5?4'/1 BEST AVAIILABLECOPY 9. . /’?ei:5zzez7/Z2/1 6,/as 9. ® IX N o 1 ’— 7 Mi 1» \‘ . = rL__ _ a =3 :1 ? I .1 *1 - , r‘ 5“ ’§ \ L: I -I -§' . . Q 3'2/}'77¢-/stat: . WVW9" ' . 17w’:/:7?/a7-.~ 967%».-y L 4.....&€mzz.,gJ/: 5/Faa/.3 — .3 AS9212./.’s'. 2: £271.//7/5//r,/.&r SEST AVAILABLE COPY %0/ (Z7//2//2/2;/X5:/?. ./795522557/1}/1 6,/839. o .777ac77&p7‘.~ ¢z~.wMz/»’v/* I. ’ETIRl. PNO'l'0~Ul'NOQRAHll.I. IIASIINBTON. D C. .5.’ £?%7z:/1'//:7/5,/J2‘ W527] (Z7/7zZ7.z7zy//27M. ,5/7.-z/3- 3 ,5/Era/5'. .5237 AVAILABLE copy /722':-szzezi?/. 0“, /£39 ............. .. 04{i4or£a— IIJITX HO Q WAIIOIIIGTDN. B C. UNITED STATES y PATENT OFFICE... - ' .3EST AVAILABLE COPY NEW ENGLAND YVORSTED COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, AS- SIGNEE OF_ SAMUEL COUILLARD, JR. MACHINE FOR COMBING WOOL AND SEPARATING THE LONGER’ FROM THE SHORTER FIBERS. Speci?cation forming part of Letters Patent dated July 7, 1835; Reissue No, 9, dated July 6, .1839. To all whom it may concern: ' Be it known that SAMUEL COUILLARD, J r., has invented a new and useful improvement in the artof combingwool and separating thelong- er from the shorter ?bers, and forming the same into roving when required, an imperfect de- scription and speci?cation whereof have been heretofore given, whereupon Letters Patent have been heretofore granted tothe said CoUIL- ‘ LARD, bearing date the 7th day of July, in the ear of our Lord 1835, for the said invention and . improvement under the title of “A new and useful improvement in the art of combing wool,” for the term of fourteen years from the date of said Letters Patent; and the said COUIL- LARD thereafterward, on the 24th day of July in the same year, by his deed of that date by him signed, sealed, and delivered, assigned all his right, title, and interest in the same in- vention and improvement and Letters Patent to Michael H. Simps0n,‘of said city of Bos- ton, a citizen of the United States of America, which assignment was duly recorded in the o?ice of the Secretary of State of the United States of America, according to law; and the ’ said Simpson on the same 24th day of July, by his deed of that date by him signed, sealed, and delivered, assigned all his right, title, and interest in the said invention and improve- ment and Letters Patent to Samuel Whit- well, George Bond, Benjamin Seaver, and George Wm. Bond, all of said city of Boston, merchants, and citizens of the said United States, which assignment was also duly re- . corded in the office of the said Secretary of State of the-United States, according to law, which Letters Patent were deemed inopera- tive by reason of the imperfections of the said description and speci?cation, happening through inadvertence and mistake, without any fraudulent-or deceptive intention, and were surrendered by the said Samuel Whit- well, George Bond, George W. Bond, and Ben- jamin Seaver, the assignees thereof, to the Secretary of "State of the said United States, . for the purpose of obtaining new-Letters Pat-. cut for the same invention and improvement, and. thereupon new Letters Patent for the same invention and improvement, a further description and speci?cation whereof were :given by the said COUILLARD, were granted to the said Samuel Whitwell, George Bond, Benjamin-Seaver, and George Wm. Bond, the assignees of the said invention and improve- ment, bearing date the 16th day of June, in the year of our Lord 1836, for the term of fourteen years from the 7th day of July, in the year of our Lord 1835; and the said Samuel Whitwell, George_ Bond-, Benjamin Seaver, and George W; Bond thereafterward, on the 19th day of. April, in the year of our Lord 1837, by their deed, by them signed, sealed, and delivered. assigned all their right, title, and interest in . the said invention and improvement to the NEW EICGLLND Wonsrrnn’ConrrAnr, which. last-mentioned Letters Patent are deemed in- operative by reason of a defective and insui?- cient description and speci?cation of the said invention and improvement, happening through inadvertencc and mistake, and with- out any fraudulent or deceptive intention, which last-‘mentioned LettersPatent have been surrendered to the Commissioner. of Patents - for the purpose of having new Letters Patent issued in due form according to law to the said New ENGLAND Wonsrnn Conzmnv, the as- ‘ signeesof thcsaid invention and improvement, for the same inventionand imp rovemeut for the residue of the period yet unexpired for which the original‘ Letters Patent were granted, as aforesaid, in accordance with the corrected description and speci?cation-hereby given by the said COUILLABD, whiehinvention and im- provement the said COUILLABD for that pur- does describe and specify as follows-— that is to say, for the better understanding , thereof he refers to the drawings hereto an- nexed as a part of his description and speci- ?cat-ion._ . The frame of the machine deemed most eon- venientfor use is six feet long, three feet high, .' and three feet wide. The wool is placed upon » ' a horizontal teed-helt running around two roll- ers,AA,Figures3, 4, ands, and-psssesthrough the feed-rollers B 3, Figs. 3, 4,. 8,- which are about three inches in‘ diameter and equal in length to the feed-belt, which is about two feet. The belt and feed-rollers are similar in all respectsto thoseof aearding-machine. ’ A card .or toothed cylinder, D, Figs. 2, 3, 4, 8, about two feet and a half in length, is placed horizontally across the frame next to the feed- 2 ing-rollers, its center being level with the up- per surface of the feeding-belt, and its surface being nearly in contact with said rollers. Its diameter may be varied as convenience re- quires, though cylinders of one foot or more diameter are better than smallerones. This cyl- inder is called a “card” or ‘.‘toothed” cylinder, because, though it is preferred in general, when clothed in the same manner as a common wool- card, yet a great variety of teeth, differing in form, size, length, mode of setting, and breadth of space between them, may be used upon it to more or less advantage, depending in some measure on the description of wool to be combed. . V . Said COUILLARD has used among others the following kind, made of steel wire, to wit: a straight tooth about two inches in length and about three-sixteenths of an inch in diameter at the bottom, tapering and pointed, and another -~ of a hawk’s-bill form, about half an inch in length and about one-eighth of an inch in diame- terand pointed. Theselwere at some times ?xed directly into the cylinder and at others into lags, varying from four to sixteen in number, having one row of teeth in each and being se- cured to the cylinder across its surface. The hawk’s-bill teeth will operate on some de- scriptions of wool with the best e?'ect.. They should not exceed about three-fourths of an inch in length and should be placed as near together as they conveniently may be, so as to bring the greatest number of teeth to act upon the wool. This cylindérshould be about .six inches longer than the feed-rollers, and the feed-frame should be placed at that end of the cylinder which .is farthest from where the wool in the revolving comb ?rst appears in the form of a fringe, so that some of the teeth of the card or toothed cylinder which do not » receive the wool from the feeding-rollers may be left free to act upon and comb the wool which has been already lodged in the teeth of the revolving comb or fringe-belt. This cyl- inder revolves with great velocity and takes the wool in an upward direction from the feeding-rollers into its teeth, which are set pointing forward in the direction of the mo- tion of the cyliuder,and carries it around upon the surface toits opposite side, where it combs the wool in a downward direction into the teeth of a revolving comb or toothed belt, E, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8, denominated the “revolving comb” or “fringe-belt.” A curve of iron or other metal (marked W, Figs. 3, 4, 8,) is attached to the frame, with a smooth interior surface made to conform to the pe- riphery of the card or toothed cylinder, and making about a quarter of a circle, corre- sponding in width with the length of t-he cyl- inder, having its upper edge close to the bottom of the teeth in the revolving comb or fringe-belt, and extending down nearly in contact with the teeth upon the card or toothed cylinder, and is so ?xed as to counter- act the effect of the centrifugal action of the cylinder and cause the wool, when thrown into. asst AVAILABLE copy the revolving comb or fringe-belt by the toothed cylinder, to be kept in ‘contact with the teeth of the cylinder, so as to be acted upon by them. The wooden fender X, Figs. 1, 3, 8, comes down to the inner side of the teeth in that part of the revolving comb or fringe-belt whichjs nearestto the cylinder, and serves to prevent the wool from being thrown by the action of the cylinder too far over or entirely beyond the teethin the revolv- ing comb or fringe-belt. To cause the wool on said cylinder D to lie more loosely. on the surface, a toothed or card cylinder,.called a “fancy,” (marked 0, Figs. 2, 4,8,) is placed _ over the cylinder D to operate the same as a fancy does upon a common carding-machine. The revolving comb or fringe-belt E is about three inches wide, and is made of two thick- nesses of ?rm thick leather, and the teeth are set in one row in the upper edge, between two thicknesses of leather gluedtogether, and are about one-eighth of an inch _asunder, pro- jecting above the beltabout one inch and one- half of an inch, with their points upward, and being about one-sixteenth of an inch in diameter at the bottom, and tapering to a point like a tailor’s needle. This revolving comb or fringe-belt revolves around two per- pendicular pulleys, L L, Figs. 1, 3, 4, six inches in diameter. Their position is level with each other above the frame. Their cen- ters are a littlewithin it, they standing oppo- site to each other. The revolving comb or fringe-belt is caused to revolve by the action of one of those pulleys, which is driven by a small bevel - gear, M, Fig. 2, and is strained tightly "between them by the other pulley, which is caused to revolve by the friction of the ‘belt. The motion of the comb or fringe- belt is slower than that of the cylinder D. The points of the teeth in the revolving comb or fringe-belt are level with the center of the card-cylinder D, and as nearly in contact with its surface as may be without touching. The ?bers of wool lying loosely upon the surface of the cylinder D are partly caught in the points of teeth, and are thrown outward by centrifugal force in the revolution of the cyl- inder and by the operation of the fancy, and are from time to time -caught in the points of the teeth of the revolving comb or fringe-belt, as in its revolution it passes by the cylinder, and those which are not caught at ?rst, or which are slightly or imperfectly caught, or ' which are combed entirely from the other ?bers, are carried around upon the cylinder until they are lodged or deposited upon the teeth of the revolving comb or fringe-belt». The ends of those ?bers lodged in the teeth of the revolving comb or fringe—belt which are long enough to be acted upon by the teeth of the card or toothed cylinder are from time to time, as in the revolution of the comb or fringe-belt they pass by the card or toothed cylinder, combed in a direction outward and downward by the teeth of the card or toothed cylinder, and those which in the process of combing are taken from thefringe on the re- volving comb or fringe-belt are carried around 'upon the cylinder until they are afterward caught in the teeth of the said-revolving comb or fringe-belt. - While the revolving combor fringe belt is moving from one end of the cylinder to the other and around the pulleys, and the cylin- der D is operating iméts swift motion, as be- ' fore described, the wool appears in the teeth in the form of fringe. The ends of the longer ?bers of course extend outward the farthest from the teeth, and the short ones a less dis- - tance, so in proportion to their various lengths. As the wool in the form of a fringe passes around on the revolving comb or toothed frin ge- belt, it is swept toward a pair of draw-roll- ’ ers, IKI, Figs. '1, 2, 3, 4, 8, one.of which is ?utedand the other is plain, but thelast be- ing covered with leather and pressed against the former by a spring, or otherwise becomes ?uted by use. These draw-rollers stand per- pendicularly within the frame about one-half of the distance from the left end of the revolv- ing comb or toothed fringe-belt, or where the wool in the form of a fringe appears to the opposite end of the belt, and are two inches in diameter, their centers standing about two inches from the revolving comb or fringe-belt, and are driven ,by the bevel-gear P, Fig. 2. A leather belt (marked 0, Figs._1, 2, 3, 4) with wires extending downward from the edge about three inches long passes around the draw-roll- ers and a pulley placed a little outside or on the frame. The wire ?ngers in this belt serve to incline and direct the ends of the ?bers of wool over a smooth metallic table, K, Figs. 1, .2, 3, 4, toward the draw-rollers, the motion of this belt being about four times quicker than that of the revolving comb or fringe-belt and the table extending along the side of the tooth fringe-belt from its left end to the draw-roll- .ers. The ?uted draw-roller is caused to re- volve by a bevel-gear upon the main shaft N, Figs. 1, 3, 4, communicating with a bevel-gear on the shaft of said roller. The other draw- roller, being closely pressed against it, is caused to revolve with it by friction, and the longer- ?bers of the wool which extend far enough from the revolving comb or fringe-belt to be" removed by the draw—rollers are by them drawn out from the fringe and pass through them into and through a revolving bailed tube, F, Figs. 1, 3, 4, 8, and are wound upon a bobbin, H, Figs. 2, 8, in t-he form of a rov- ing, which is moved by the cylinder G, Figs. ' 1, 2, 3, 4, 8. The roving may be run off into a can instead of-— being run upon a bobbin. The wool which remains in the revolving comb ' . or fringe-belt which has passed these draw- rollers consists, of course, of the shorter ?bers of the wool. These short ?bers and knobby parts which remain iii the teeth of the revolv- F ing comb or fringe-belt must be taken out from the teeth, so as to clear the teeth wholly for receiving other ?bers from the card or toothed cylinder, when, by the revolution of the re- 7% BEST AVAlLABLE cow volving comb or fringe-belt, they are again brought near to and pass by it. This may be done by means of a swiftly-revolving toothed cylinder J, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 8,, whereby they are taken out upward from the teethandlthrown downward from the opposite side into a box, to which box may be ?tted a circular cover- ing extendingover the toothed wheel or cyl- inder J at all points except on the side next to the revolving comb or fringe - belt; but neither the box nor the covering are essential parts of the machine. In this way of draw- ing wool from the revolving comb or fringe- belt it can be easily seen that by placing a num- ber of pairs of draw-rollers at,di?‘erent dis- tances from the belt various lengths of wool can be drawn from it. As many pairs of rollers may be used as oc- casion" may require; but ordinarily one pair only is used. If wool in the state as it comes from the picker, is used, a common card-ma- chine is placed in front of the combing-cylin- der the doifer of the card-machine coming nearly in contact with the cylinder, which re- ceives the wool therefrom. In this case the cylinder should be longer than the card-ma- chine, more effectually to comb the wool,before described. Instead of the revolving fringe-belt, the said COUILLARD has used a comb in the form of a disk, Fig. 6_, revolving horizontally with such teeth, as aforesaid, set upright on the outer- edge, between it ‘and a leather belt, with a hoop over it to hold the teeth more ?rmly. Such a disk or wheel, with teeth, as aforesaid, A ?rmly ?xed in any convenient way perpen- dicularly upon or at the outer edge thereof, will answer tolerably well, especially if the card or toothed cylinder be made concave, so as to‘ conform to the periphery of the disk or wheel, and so that all the teeth of the cyl- inder in its revolution may come nearly in contact with the teeth of the disk or wheel, (see Figs. 6 and 7 ;) but I consider a revolving toothed belt for all the purposes aforesaid as far preferable to a disk or wheel. The disk or wheel may be moved in the same manner as the principal pulley of the belt E is moved, or by a worm-gear. The disk used by me was eleven inches in diameter, and the cylinder used in connection with it was about two feet in diameter and about three inches in length; but the disk or wheel may be advan- tageously increased in diameter and the cyl- inder in length. . It is deemed unnecessary to say that t-he re- volving comb or fringe-belt may be made of other and different substances, and that the teeth may be ?xed in various ways, as must be obvious to all machinists of ordinary skill; but it is important that the teeth should be made to pass successively along, for some con- siderable distance, near the surface of the cyl- inder, in order to effect in the best manner the purpose aforesaid. VVhat is claimed as the invention of the said COUILLARD is— 1. The revolving comb or toothed fringe- belt, in connection and combination with the revolving card or toothed cylinder, described as aforesaid. 2. The revolving toothed disk or wheel, in the like connection and combination,described as aforesaid. 3. The fender, described as aforesaid, in combination with the revolving comb and toothed cylinder, described as aforesaid. 4. The curve, described as aforesaid, in com- ' bination with the revolving comb and toothed cylinder, described as aforesaid. ‘ 5. The combination of the revolving toothed cylinder, the revolving comb or_ fringe-belt, the fender,and curve, described as aforesaid. In testimony that the foregoing is a true de- scription and speci?cation of the said inven- .9‘ BEST AVAILABLE COPY tion of the said COUILLARD,_the sa.i(.1.COUIL- ' LARD has hereunto set his hand and seal this 1st day of May, in the year of our Lord 1839, and the said -NEW ENGLAND Wonsrnn COM- PANY, in testimony of the truth of the facts above recited, have hereto also, by DAVID DUDLEY, their president, thereto authorized, affixed the seal of said corporation hereto the day and year last aforesaid. SAMUEL COUILLARD, JR. [L. s.] Witnesses: A. TUCKER, HENRY L. JACQUES. [L. s.] DAVID DUDLEY, President. Witnesses to signature of David Dudley: HENRY L. JACQUES, A. TUCKER. o - -4..- .__...-..l........x.__ ...;._....u . ~ |